Author Archives: support

Unveiling the Emotional Journey of Professional Careers: Navigating Four Distinct Stages from Anticipation to Realignment

A study by the University of Bath’s School of Management delves into the intricate emotional journey of legal professionals as they strive to ascend to the esteemed ranks of partnership within law firms. Through meticulous examination, researchers uncovered a progression of emotions that lawyers traverse, commencing with enthusiasm and eagerness at the onset of their careers, transitioning into trepidation and apprehension during the pursuit of advancement, reaching a pinnacle of satisfaction and joy upon attaining senior roles, and ultimately culminating in disillusionment and dismay as the anticipation of further transformation dissipates.

This comprehensive exploration of the emotional landscape within the legal profession elucidates the multifaceted nature of career progression, which serves as the central organising principle shaping the professional lives of legal practitioners within law firms. The study underscores the pervasive influence of emotions in this environment, with profound interpersonal connections between partners and their junior counterparts and a profound significance attached to partnership as the ultimate manifestation of career accomplishment.

Dr Stefanie Gustafsson, from the University’s School of Management, notes the significance of examining the dynamic dimensions of employment, emphasising that professionals’ careers are profoundly intertwined with a spectrum of emotions. The study underscores individuals’ profound emotional investment towards their career trajectories, with expressions of love and pride permeating discussions surrounding partnership attainment.

The research, while focused on the legal domain, has broader implications for elite professions. It highlights the tumultuous emotional journey experienced by individuals navigating career advancement. This underscores the need for HR practitioners and line managers to develop a keen understanding of emotional dynamics within professional settings, with a particular focus on employee well-being.

The research, authored by Dr. Gustafsson and Dan Kärreman of Copenhagen Business School, advocates for a significant shift in how organisations discuss career progression. It proposes a holistic approach that not only considers performance metrics but also encourages open dialogue about emotional experiences and opportunities for meaningful growth, especially after career setbacks.

In a digital age where social media platforms serve as forums for candid discussions regarding career challenges, an opportunity exists to foster a culture of openness within professional spheres. Dr. Gustafsson suggests creating safe spaces where individuals can openly address setbacks and seek support without fear of stigma or judgement.

Furthermore, the research underscores the entrenched norms within law firms, where the pursuit of partnership is upheld as the quintessential career trajectory. This rigid adherence to traditional pathways may marginalise individuals who opt for alternative routes, thereby stifling diversity and innovation within the profession. Dr. Gustafsson advocates for a paradigm shift that challenges these entrenched perceptions, fostering a culture that embraces diverse career trajectories and acknowledges the value inherent in alternative pathways.

The research offers valuable insights into the intricate interplay between emotions and career progression within the legal profession. By fostering a culture of openness, empathy, and flexibility, organisations can cultivate environments that nurture their employees’ holistic well-being and professional growth. Transcending traditional paradigms, they can embrace the diverse array of career trajectories that contribute to a dynamic and resilient workforce.

More information: Stefanie Gustafsson et al, Emotions careers: The interplay between careers and emotions in professional organisations, Human Resource Management Journal. DOI: 10.1111/1748-8583.12536

Journal information: Human Resource Management Journal Provided by University of Bath

Crafting the Perfect Online Impression

The impact of first impressions in the professional sphere is profound and enduring, often influencing career trajectories in unforeseen ways. In today’s digital age, initial encounters frequently occur through virtual mediums such as email introductions, text messages, or teleconferences via platforms like Zoom. Andrew Brodsky, an assistant management professor at Texas McCombs, in collaboration with Hayley Blunden from American University, has recently conducted an extensive review of 124 studies exploring virtual impressions and the mechanisms behind their formation. This analysis emerges a trove of evidence-based recommendations on how individuals can present their best selves in the digital realm.

Brodsky’s research interests extend beyond virtual impressions, encompassing a broader examination of individual use of technology in work settings and communication dynamics. His focus on virtual communication in the workplace underscores the growing significance of digital interactions in professional contexts. In an edited interview, Brodsky delves into the importance of virtual impressions, shedding light on their implications for employers and employees.

First impressions wield considerable influence in the workplace, shaping perceptions of individuals in myriad ways. Brodsky elucidates how these initial impressions often linger in the psyche, tinting subsequent interactions with a halo of preconceived notions. Whether assessing someone’s intelligence, work ethic, likability, or leadership potential, these impressions serve as foundational building blocks for future interactions. In the business arena, where relationships can pivot on a single encounter, such impressions carry heightened significance. Job interviews, client interactions, and email communications are crucibles where first impressions are forged, exerting a palpable influence on subsequent outcomes.

Understanding the nuances of virtual impressions can foster more objective evaluations of employees for employers. Brodsky highlights the tendency for subjective biases to infiltrate performance appraisals, where personal affinities often colour assessments of professional competence. By unpacking the mechanisms underpinning impression formation, researchers offer valuable insights for employers seeking to mitigate bias in their evaluations. Moreover, for organisations that nurture employee growth, Brodsky’s research furnishes a roadmap for equipping staff with the tools to craft impactful impressions in their interactions with customers and colleagues.

Employees, too, stand to benefit from insights gleaned from research on virtual impressions. In an era of remote work and digital communication, the impression one projects online assumes heightened significance. Whether through email correspondence, virtual meetings, or instant messaging, individuals’ digital footprint shapes perceptions of their professionalism and competence. Brodsky underscores the universality of virtual communication in the contemporary workplace, emphasising its relevance across diverse industry sectors. Even frontline workers, traditionally associated with non-digital roles, navigate virtual channels for routine communication tasks, underscoring the ubiquity of digital interactions in modern work settings.

An intriguing aspect of Brodsky’s research is the use of emoticons and emojis in workplace communication. While these visual cues can imbue interactions with warmth and amiability, their indiscriminate use may inadvertently undercut perceptions of intelligence and competence. Brodsky’s findings underscore the nuanced interplay between emotive expression and professional credibility in virtual exchanges, prompting individuals to tread carefully in visual embellishments.

Another facet of virtual communication scrutinised in Brodsky’s research is the timing of email responses. The swiftness or tardiness with which individuals reply to emails can significantly influence perceptions of trustworthiness and competence. While prompt responses engender trust and convey a sense of reliability, undue delays can erode confidence and foster apprehension. Brodsky’s review advocates for a balanced approach to email responsiveness, cautioning against both hasty replies and protracted delays. Striking a reasonable balance is critical to cultivating a positive impression in virtual interactions.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, which posits virtual interactions as inherently deficient in social cues, Brodsky’s research paints a more nuanced picture. Despite the absence of face-to-face interaction, virtual encounters can engender strong impressions, mirroring the depth and nuance of in-person exchanges. This revelation challenges notions that remote work inherently undermines social cohesion and interpersonal rapport. Instead, Brodsky’s findings underscore the adaptability of virtual interactions, which, when navigated adeptly, can foster robust relationships grounded in trust, competence, and mutual respect.

Brodsky’s research is a theoretical exploration and a practical guide to the transformative potential of virtual impressions in the professional sphere. By unpacking the dynamics of virtual communication and its impact on impression formation, his work equips individuals and organisations with the practical insights needed to navigate the digital landscape with confidence and finesse. Whether seeking to forge meaningful connections with clients, colleagues, or superiors, the principles elucidated in Brodsky’s research serve as a beacon, guiding individuals towards a more nuanced understanding of virtual interactions and their enduring implications for professional success.

More information: Hayley Blunden et al, A Review of Virtual Impression Management Behaviors and Outcomes, Journal of Management. DOI: 10.1177/01492063231225160

Journal information: Journal of Management Provided by The University of Texas at Austin

Transforming Rudeness: How Embracing Guilt Elevates Workplace Kindness

We’ve all experienced those moments in the hustle and bustle of daily professional life. Whether it’s a restless night’s sleep or a challenging commute, sometimes external factors can leave us feeling irritable, prompting us to snap at a colleague who bears no fault. But what steps can we take to make amends?

A recent study sheds light on a compelling solution: embracing feelings of guilt may hold the key to redeeming ourselves after moments of misconduct, ultimately fostering more extraordinary kindness and diligence in the workplace. This revelation offers a glimmer of hope, suggesting that even in the face of our worst actions, redemption is possible.

“We discovered that lapses in workplace etiquette can affect anyone, as bad days spare no one. The aftermath is often accompanied by a sense of remorse,” explains Dr. Klodiana Lanaj, a professor of management at the University of Florida’s Warrington College of Business and co-author of the groundbreaking study. “The experience of guilt serves as a catalyst, propelling individuals to exert extra effort and exercise greater caution to avoid repeating the same discourteous behaviour. Over time, this self-correcting mechanism manifests, offering insight into the variability of workplace conduct.”

While previous research has extensively explored the propagation of rudeness within organisational settings, more attention should be paid to the consequences faced by individuals who engage in such behaviour or their subsequent actions towards their colleagues.

To unravel the aftermath of incivility, Lanaj, alongside doctoral candidate Daniel Kim from the University of Florida and Dr. Joel Koopman from Texas A&M University, embarked on a series of studies. These investigations delved into employees’ daily routines, prompting them to reflect on instances where they may have displayed rudeness towards their peers.

Their findings unveiled a notable trend: individuals who exhibited behaviours such as yelling or exclusion experienced pangs of guilt, often confiding in their partners about their actions later that evening. Remarkably, the following day witnessed a transformation in their demeanour, as they redoubled their efforts, displaying heightened diligence and a decreased likelihood of repeating their previous transgressions. This behavioural shift, driven by a desire to mend fractured relationships and salvage one’s professional reputation, offers a beacon of hope in the face of workplace discord.

“Uncivil conduct not only damages interpersonal bonds but also carries repercussions for the individual perpetrating it,” notes Kim. “Guilt, while burdensome, serves a dual purpose; it acts as a reminder of our missteps while facilitating our recovery by curbing incivility and fostering greater engagement in our work.”

The researchers caution that the best course of action is to preempt instances of unkindness altogether. Such behaviour inflicts harm on others and threatens to contaminate the workplace environment.

“Yet amidst this acknowledgment lies a glimmer of hope: individuals possess the capacity to rectify their actions through diligence, apologies, and a renewed commitment to politeness,” Lanaj adds, offering a ray of optimism amidst the complexities of workplace dynamics.

More information: Daniel Kim et al, Incivility Affects Actors Too: The Complex Effects of Incivility on Perpetrators’ Work and Home Behaviors, Journal of Business Ethics. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-024-05714-y

Journal information: Journal of Business Ethics Provided by University of Florida

Concerns Over Robot Anxiety Worsening Labour Shortages in Hospitality and Dining Sector

Integrating robots to address labour shortages in the hospitality industry might have unintended consequences, suggests a study conducted by Washington State University. This comprehensive investigation, encompassing over 620 employees within lodging and food service sectors, sheds light on the phenomenon of “robot-phobia” – the apprehension surrounding robots displacing human jobs. The study underscores how this fear exacerbates job insecurity and stress among workers, ultimately fuelling intentions to seek alternative employment opportunities. Remarkably, this impact is particularly pronounced among employees with firsthand experience interacting with robotic technology, affecting both frontline staff and managerial personnel alike. These findings, detailed in the International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, underscore companies’ need to address this pressing issue.

Lead author Bamboo Chen, a hospitality researcher at WSU’s Carson College of Business, underscores the urgency of this matter, especially given the hospitality industry’s historically high turnover rates. As businesses grapple with persistent labour shortages exacerbated by the pandemic, some have turned to robotic technology as a solution. However, the study starkly highlights the detrimental effects of such initiatives on employee morale and retention. Despite the potential benefits of automation in streamlining tedious tasks, the study warns of a possible “negative feedback loop” whereby increased reliance on robots leads to a further exodus of human workers, worsening the labour shortage crisis.

Unlike previous studies focused on customer acceptance of robots, this research delves into the perceptions and experiences of hospitality workers themselves. Chen and colleague Ruying Cai surveyed a diverse sample of employees nationwide, exploring their attitudes towards various robotic and automation technologies. The findings underscore a significant correlation between robot-phobia and heightened turnover intentions, irrespective of employees’ familiarity with the technology. Even those who interact with robots regularly in their daily tasks express deep-seated concerns about job obsolescence, perpetuating feelings of insecurity and stress.

The study elucidates the role of perception in shaping employees’ attitudes towards robots. Those who perceive robots as efficient and capable are more likely to contemplate leaving their jobs, underscoring the complex interplay between technology and human psychology in the workplace. Chen emphasizes the importance of transparent communication from employers, advocating for a balanced approach that acknowledges both the benefits and limitations of robotic technology. Emphasizing the complementary role of humans alongside automation, he suggests fostering a collaborative environment where technology augments rather than replaces human labour. This nuanced approach, Chen argues, is not only essential for mitigating the adverse effects of robot phobia but also for nurturing a sustainable workforce in the hospitality industry, instilling a sense of hope for the future.

More information: Chun-Chu (Bamboo) Chen et al, Are robots stealing our jobs? Examining robot-phobia as a job stressor in the hospitality workplace, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. DOI: 10.1108/IJCHM-09-2023-1454

Journal information: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management Provided by Washington State University

Can interventions targeting individual-level mental health enhance the wellbeing of employees?

Numerous businesses are actively pursuing strategies to enhance their workforce’s wellbeing, deploying various interventions at both individual and organisational levels. As reported in the Industrial Relations Journal, recent findings cast doubt on the efficacy of individual-level mental wellbeing interventions such as mindfulness training, resilience-building programmes, stress management techniques, relaxation sessions, and wellbeing apps in fostering employee welfare.

Our study, drawing on survey data collected from an extensive sample of 46,336 employees spanning 233 organisations across the UK, revealed a lack of significant evidence supporting the benefits of individual-level mental health interventions. Despite participating in these interventions, employees showed no discernible improvement in various subjective wellbeing indicators compared to their counterparts who did not engage in such interventions.

Our lead author, the esteemed William Fleming, PhD, from the Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Oxford, underscored the potential efficacy of organisational interventions over individual-focused approaches. These organisational interventions may encompass changes in scheduling practices, management methodologies, resource allocation, performance evaluation systems, or job design.

Dr Fleming emphasised, “There is a growing consensus that the focus should extend beyond individual interventions to encompass broader organisational changes.” He further noted the significance of this research, which scrutinised wellbeing interventions across many workplaces, offering insights beyond the confines of isolated trials conducted within single organisations. The absence of substantial benefits underscores the need for a more ambitious approach to improving employee wellbeing.

The study’s outcomes advocate for a shift in focus towards comprehensive organisational strategies rather than relying solely on individual-level interventions. Dr. Fleming hopes these findings will serve as a catalyst for further research endeavours and prompt proactive actions by employers to enhance employee welfare.

More information: William J. Fleming et al, Employee well-being outcomes from individual-level mental health interventions: Cross-sectional evidence from the United Kingdom, Industrial Relations Journal. DOI: 10.1111/irj.12418

Journal information: Industrial Relations Journal Provided by Wiley

The Therapeutic Power of Expressive Writing: Managing Anger through Emotional Release

In a study conducted by a research group in Japan, a novel method for managing anger has emerged: writing down one’s reaction to a negative incident on a piece of paper, followed by its disposal, has been found to reduce feelings of anger significantly. Lead researcher Nobuyuki Kawai expressed astonishment at how this simple act effectively eliminated anger. This discovery holds profound significance as it pertains to the management of anger both in personal and professional contexts, offering a potential solution to mitigate the negative repercussions of uncontrolled anger.

The significance of this research is underscored by the fact that many existing anger management techniques lack empirical validation and are often challenging to implement in moments of heightened emotion. The study, published in Scientific Reports, represents the culmination of years of investigation into the relationship between written expression and anger reduction, building upon prior research demonstrating the influence of physical interactions on mood regulation.

For their experiment, Kawai and his graduate student, Yuta Kanaya, engaged participants in writing brief opinions on pressing social issues, only to subject them to harsh criticism from fictitious evaluators—this deliberate provocation aimed to elicit genuine emotional responses from the participants. After receiving negative feedback, participants were prompted to reflect on the emotional triggers elicited by the criticism.

Subsequently, participants were divided into two groups: one instructed to dispose of their written responses, and the other to retain them. The disposal methods varied, from discarding the paper in a trash can to shredding it. The results revealed a marked difference in anger levels between the two groups. Those who disposed of their written responses reported a swift return to baseline anger levels, while those who retained the documents experienced only marginal decreases in anger.

Kawai envisions tangible applications for this research, particularly in high-pressure environments like the workplace. By advocating for individuals to jot down the source of their anger in a manner similar to taking a memo and then immediately disposing of it, this technique presents a feasible strategy for managing anger in real-time scenarios.

Going beyond its practical implications, this discovery may offer insights into the cultural phenomenon of hakidashisara—a traditional Japanese practice involving the symbolic purging of anger. Held annually at the Hiyoshi shrine in Kiyosu, Aichi Prefecture, hakidashisara entails the symbolic smashing of small discs representing sources of rage. The parallels between this cultural tradition and the research findings suggest a shared mechanism for emotional release and relief, underscoring the cultural relevance of this research.

In conclusion, the study conducted by the Japanese research group highlights the therapeutic potential of expressive writing in managing anger. By elucidating the effectiveness of a simple yet powerful technique, this research offers a promising avenue for enhancing emotional well-being and interpersonal dynamics. Moreover, its cultural implications shed light on age-old practices of emotional catharsis, bridging the gap between scientific inquiry and cultural tradition.

More information: Yuta Kanaya et al, Anger is eliminated with the disposal of a paper written because of provocation, Scientific Reports. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57916-z

Journal information: Scientific Reports Provided by Nagoya University

Enhancing Workplace Efficiency and Employee Well-being through Office Environment Optimization

The influence of office environments on work efficiency and worker health is profound, making creating and maintaining an optimal built environment within office spaces pivotal for driving a company’s economic growth. While past research has delved into the impact of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) on work efficiency and worker health, there needs to be a more simultaneous focus on these aspects and a need for quantification regarding the economic advantages of office environment optimisation.

A unique research endeavour was undertaken by a team of Japanese scholars, who meticulously investigated the intricate relationship between office environmental factors, work efficiency, worker health, and the economic benefits associated with optimising these elements. The study, conducted across 29 office buildings in Tokyo, involved a substantial cohort of 1644 workers. Data on the built environment was collected through worker questionnaires and physical IEQ measurements, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable dataset. The research was led by Professor Shun Kawakubo from the esteemed Faculty of Engineering and Design at Hosei University, Japan, and included esteemed colleagues Shiro Arata and Masaki Sugiuchi from the same institution, among others.

The study’s findings unveiled a myriad of insights. Participants, on average, perceived their work efficiency to hover around 77%, with varying degrees of presenteeism observed among them. The detrimental impact of presenteeism on performance was quantified, revealing an approximate 34% decline in productivity.

The study’s core focus was the examination of how overall office environmental elements influenced perceived work efficiency and presenteeism. A key finding was the correlation between a superior office environment and heightened work efficiency among employees. This translated into A substantial 16.8-point disparity in work efficiency between offices with commendable and subpar environments, resulting in an annual economic benefit of approximately 1,039,000 JPY. This underscores the significant financial dividends of an optimal work environment, making a compelling case for office environment optimisation.

Likewise, a positive association between an enhanced office environment and reduced performance decrement due to presenteeism was observed. Professor Kawakubo remarked, “As the quality of the office environment improves, the magnitude of performance loss attributable to presenteeism diminishes. The discernible contrast in annual economic loss stemming from presenteeism between workers in offices characterised by lower environmental performance and those in high-performance environments amounted to 423,000 JPY.”

Further exploration revealed that high-quality elements such as ‘interior and furnishings,’ ‘overall building sanitation,’ ‘HVAC airflow,’ and ‘meeting spaces’ were linked with augmented perceived work efficiency. These findings provide concrete insights into the elements contributing to a high-quality office environment, offering actionable recommendations for optimisation. Conversely, factors like ‘disaster and emergency preparedness,’ ‘thermal environment,’ ‘lighting conditions,’ and ‘telecommunication networks’ were associated with mitigated economic losses due to presenteeism. Significantly, the estimated financial benefits related to perceived work efficiency surpassed those tied to presenteeism, further highlighting the economic significance of office environment optimisation.

This study posits that offices wield the potential to amplify economic gains, accentuating the global imperative for bolstering worker efficiency and safeguarding employee health by cultivating high-quality office environments. Professor Kawakubo articulated, “In today’s landscape, corporations worldwide are reaffirming the pivotal role of human capital. We firmly believe that widespread recognition of the nexus between investment in the creation of conducive office environments, the preservation and enhancement of employee well-being, and the augmentation of overall company productivity will contribute substantially to the cultivation of a healthier society.”

More information: Shiro Arata et al, Economic benefits of the effects of office environment on perceived work efficiency and presenteeism, Building and Environment. DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110712

Journal information: Building and Environment Provided by Hosei University

Navigating the Aftermath: The Impact of Skill Mismatch on Post-Job Loss Careers

The emotional toll of job loss can be profound, akin to the upheaval experienced in a divorce. Unlike divorce, where acquired skills often remain relevant, the aftermath of job loss can render previously honed abilities obsolete or diminished. This divergence highlights a critical challenge: the mismatch between an individual’s skill set and the evolving demands of the job market.

Plunging into the depths of this issue, researchers have strived to discern who bears the brunt of this skill mismatch and to what extent. The recent study published in Research Policy illuminates these inquiries. Ljubica Nedelkoska, from the Complexity Science Hub (CSH), underscores the study’s revelations, emphasising that the repercussions of job displacement reverberate far beyond immediate termination, profoundly shaping workers’ earning trajectories over time. These findings are not just informative, but they are a call to action for policymakers and employers to address this pressing issue.

In their quest for understanding, Nedelkoska and her collaborators scrutinised the labour landscape of displaced German workers from 1975 to 2010, encompassing approximately 1.6 million individuals. The findings unveiled a spectrum of earning losses, ranging from 4% to 16.5% a decade post-displacement, relative to their hypothetical earnings had they retained their positions.

Seeking to decipher the roots of this diversity, the researchers embarked on a multifaceted analysis. They amalgamated data on task content, educational background, and training across 263 occupations with the career trajectories of a 2% longitudinal sample of German workers.

Unsurprisingly, the study affirmed certain expectations: workers gravitated towards more challenging roles necessitating new skills during economic upswings, while recessions saw a reverse trend. Additionally, the propensity for job transition towards more demanding roles was more pronounced among younger cohorts than their older counterparts.

However, amidst these anticipated findings, one revelation stood out: the rate of occupation-switching among displaced workers surpassed that of observationally identical non-displaced peers by a staggering factor of 11 to 12. This discovery prompted the researchers to categorise the displaced workforce into distinct cohorts: stayers, upskillers, downskillers, reskillers, and lateral switchers.

Delving deeper, the analysis illuminated the disparate fates of these cohorts. Notably, switchers encountered more substantial displacement-related earnings declines than their steadfast counterparts. Even after 15 years, switchers struggled to earn differentials, with upskilling switchers faring marginally better than their downskilling counterparts.

The findings underscored the pivotal role of skill alignment in determining outcomes. Workers transitioning to roles where their previous skills held little relevance experienced the most severe setbacks. Conversely, those venturing into roles demanding additional skills fared relatively better.

The implications are profound for policymakers and employers alike. Strategies to mitigate skill mismatch, particularly downskilling, are essential and imperative to safeguarding workers’ livelihoods. Continuous retraining initiatives, personalised career counselling, and facilitating geographical mobility are not just interventions but the necessary steps proposed to address this pressing challenge. Their implementation is crucial for the future of our workforce.

This study underscores the imperative of aligning skills with market demands to foster resilience amidst economic upheavals. By heeding these insights, policymakers and employers can chart a course towards a more inclusive and adaptive labour landscape. This landscape will ensure that displaced workers, with their inherent resilience, are equipped to navigate the winds of change with confidence and resilience, thereby contributing to a stronger workforce.

More information: Frank Neffke et al, Skill mismatch and the costs of job displacement, Research Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2023.104933

Journal information: Research Policy Provided by Complexity Science Hub

When individuals prioritise their phones over their partners, it can have a notable impact on workplace creativity, particularly among women

Redirecting attention to a mobile phone rather than a partner strains the relationship. It impacts women’s creativity in the workplace, as cautioned by researchers from the Universities of Bath, Aston, and IESE Business School.

Their study illuminates the negative consequences of ‘phubbing’—ignoring someone in favour of one’s phone—known for its adverse effects on relationships and mental well-being. Based on working couples in the US, this research highlights workplace repercussions, particularly for female partners.

Professor Yasin Rofcanin, from the University of Bath’s Future of Work Research Centre, noted, “Phone usage erodes the connection between couples, hindering their ability to address stresses and concerns together.” Supportive interactions at home positively influence partners, enhancing creativity in the workplace. However, this supportive cycle diminishes when individuals immerse themselves in phone usage, missing out on meaningful moments of connection.

Analysing diary entries from 65 full-time, dual-income heterosexual couples with children over 15 working days, the research reveals that phone use disrupts social interaction and mutual support in balancing work and family responsibilities.

Previous studies with similar setups indicate that supportive interactions with co-workers extend to the home environment, benefiting partners and contributing to enhanced workplace creativity. However, this effect appears to be gender-specific, favouring women. Women are adept at translating support into workplace creativity, possibly due to societal expectations to manage home and work responsibilities, prompting them to seek support networks and family-friendly work policies.

The researchers assert that this supportive environment empowers women to be resourceful at work, engaging in proactive measures like ‘job-crafting’, enhancing job satisfaction, seeking new challenges, fostering stronger relationships with colleagues, and adopting a positive perspective on their roles—all contributing to enhanced workplace creativity.

These insights are particularly relevant in the post-pandemic era, where hybrid working arrangements are prevalent. As organisations adapt to this new landscape, understanding the impact of home dynamics on employee productivity and well-being is crucial.

The researchers anticipate that these findings will inform employer strategies regarding technology use outside working hours and underscore the significance of policies supporting work-family balance, such as flexible working schedules.

Dr Siqi Wang from Aston Business School emphasised the importance of fostering a supportive work-family environment through collaboration between HR managers and employees’ first-line supervisors. Employer initiatives like work-family supervisor training programmes focusing on communication and limiting technology use, especially for work-related purposes, can significantly benefit employees and organisations.

More information: Siqi Wang et al, The more you connect, the less you connect: An examination of the role of phubbing at home and job crafting in the crossover and spillover effects of work–family spousal support on employee creativity, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. DOI: 10.1111/joop.12503

Journal information: Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology Provided by University of Bath

Navigating the Terrain: The Impact of Branded Access Offers on Parent Brand Perception

In a landscape where the ownership model is gradually yielding ground to short-term rental and sharing options, the rise of branded access offers presents a compelling alternative across various consumer sectors, from automobiles to high-end fashion. Your role, as marketing professionals, brand managers, and researchers in the field of consumer behavior and brand management, is crucial in understanding the intricate repercussions these offerings can have on the parent brands that deploy them. Recent research spearheaded by Tiffany Barnett White, a Professor of Business Administration at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, sheds light on this.

The allure of branded access lies in its appeal to consumers seeking flexibility and affordability without the burden of long-term ownership. Yet, as White and her co-author Aaron J. Barnes from the University of Louisville elucidate, such initiatives may not resonate well with consumers deeply invested in a particular brand’s ethos and identity. These individuals, identified as high group-brand connectors, exhibit a pronounced aversion towards branded access offers, viewing them as a departure from the brand’s core values and a dilution of exclusivity.

The genesis of this phenomenon can be traced to the emergence of disruptive players like Zipcar and Rent the Runway, which have prompted established brands like H&M, Peloton, and BMW to introduce their iterations of branded access offers. While these initiatives are designed to attract new cohorts of consumers, they inadvertently engender a sense of betrayal among existing loyalists, who perceive the influx of transient users as a threat to the brand’s integrity.

White and Barnes’ research, encompassing four distinct studies spanning fashion, sports, and fitness domains, underscores the adverse impact of branded access offers on brand image, particularly among fervent brand advocates. Referred to as the “accessor effect,” this phenomenon encapsulates the disillusionment and disenchantment experienced by loyal consumers when confronted with the perceived transience and lack of commitment associated with access-oriented models.

The issue lies in the discrepancy between the brand’s values and the consumption behaviour facilitated by branded access offers. For consumers who derive a sense of identity and belonging from their affiliation with a brand, transient access undermines the communal bonds and shared experiences underpinning their allegiance. Consequently, these individuals quickly penalise the parent company for diluting the brand’s essence in pursuit of fleeting market opportunities.

The ramifications of the accessor effect extend beyond mere consumer sentiment, permeating the broader narrative of brand loyalty and market positioning. White aptly articulates that the dichotomy between brand adherents and latecomers manifests across diverse consumer landscapes, from sports fandom to lifestyle preferences. Introducing branded access offers disrupts the delicate equilibrium between inclusivity and exclusivity, leaving brand custodians grappling with the challenge of appeasing both camps.

The underlying motivation driving brands to embrace access-oriented models stems from a desire to remain competitive in an era dominated by sharing economy startups. However, as White cautions, this pursuit of profitability should not come at the expense of brand integrity. Striking a delicate balance between innovation and brand preservation is paramount. This responsibility falls on the shoulders of marketing professionals, brand managers, and researchers like you, who are at the forefront of understanding and managing these dynamics.

To mitigate the accessor effect and assuage the concerns of loyal consumers, White and Barnes advocate for strategic interventions. These interventions, such as extending the rental period for accessors, have the potential to blur the signal of brand dilution. This not only signals a greater commitment to the brand but also fosters a sense of continuity beyond transient transactions. By elongating the rental duration, brands can convey a message of enduring loyalty and affinity, thereby mitigating the erosion of brand image precipitated by access-oriented models. This inspires the possibility of maintaining brand loyalty even in the face of disruptive market forces.

In essence, the problem posed by branded access offers epitomises the evolving dynamics of consumer-brand relationships in an era characterised by shifting consumption patterns and disruptive market forces. As brands navigate this terrain fraught with challenges and opportunities, the imperative lies in preserving the essence of their identity while embracing innovation that resonates with existing loyalists and prospective consumers. By adopting a nuanced approach to branded access offers, brands can forge a path towards sustainable growth and enduring brand loyalty in an ever-evolving marketplace.

More information: Aaron J. Barnes et al, The accessor effect: How (and for whom) renters’ lack of perceived brand commitment dilutes brand image, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. DOI: 10.1007/s11747-024-01006-z

Journal information: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science Provided by University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

When consumers opt for a chatbot instead of a human

The research conducted by The Ohio State University addresses a significant aspect of consumer behaviour in online shopping: the preference for chatbots over human interaction, particularly in situations where consumers experience embarrassment or self-presentation concerns. According to the study by Jianna Jin, consumers often favour engaging with chatbots when purchasing potentially embarrassing products, such as antidiarrheal medication or skincare items. This preference stems from a desire to mitigate embarrassment, as chatbots are perceived as less judgmental than human customer service agents. This research topic is highly relevant in the context of the growing influence of technology on consumer interactions.

The study’s findings, published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology, highlight the significance of how chatbots are perceived by consumers during online interactions. Participants in the research demonstrated a higher propensity to interact with chatbots when purchasing embarrassing products, suggesting that the anonymity and lack of human judgment associated with chatbots alleviate feelings of embarrassment.

Moreover, the study delves into the importance of the appearance and behaviour of chatbots in influencing consumer preferences. Chatbots that exhibited more human-like characteristics, such as emotional language or cartoon avatars resembling humans, were met with scepticism by participants. This suggests that while consumers may prefer the anonymity of chatbots, they are also cautious of instances where chatbots appear too human-like, potentially triggering concerns about authenticity and trustworthiness.

Jin’s research underscores the need for companies to consider the role of chatbots in customer interactions, particularly in scenarios where consumers have self-presentation concerns. As chatbot technology advances, challenges may arise in distinguishing between chatbots and human agents, posing implications for businesses regarding transparency and consumer trust.

With its consumer-centric approach, this study offers valuable insights into consumer behaviour in the realm of online shopping and customer service. By understanding the nuanced preferences and concerns of consumers regarding chatbot interactions, companies can adapt their strategies to better cater to consumer needs while maintaining transparency and trust in their operations. This emphasis on consumer needs and preferences ensures that businesses are aligning their strategies with the evolving consumer landscape.

More information: Jianna Jin et al, Avoiding embarrassment online: Response to and inferences about chatbots when purchases activate self-presentation concerns, Journal of Consumer Psychology. DOI: 10.1002/jcpy.1414

Journal information: Journal of Consumer Psychology Provided by The Ohio State University

The shifting dynamics of the market cultivate consumer neglect, potentially resulting in purchases fraught with risk

Researchers have formulated a novel theory concerning the influence of evolving market conditions on the propensity of numerous otherwise prudent consumers to purchase risky products, such as subprime mortgages, cryptocurrency, or even cosmetic surgery procedures.

These alterations can manifest within product categories initially perceived as low-risk upon market introduction. As demand escalates, more enterprises may enter the market, offering lower-priced product variants carrying heightened risk. Suppose the adverse repercussions of such risk remain imperceptible initially. In that case, the market can progress to keep consumers uninformed of the risks, as highlighted by Michelle Barnhart, an associate professor at Oregon State University’s College of Business and co-author of a recent paper.

“It’s not solely the consumer’s responsibility. It’s not solely the producer’s responsibility. It’s not solely the regulator’s responsibility. All these elements together contribute to this quandary,” remarked Barnhart. “Understanding the development of such a scenario could aid consumers, regulators, and even producers in making more informed decisions when confronted with analogous circumstances in the future.”

The researchers’ revelations were recently documented in the Journal of Consumer Research. Lena Pellandini-Simanyi, from the University of Lugano in Switzerland, is the lead author of the paper.

Barnhart, whose expertise lies in consumer culture and market systems, has delved into credit and debit systems in the U.S. Pellandini-Simanyi, a sociologist focusing on consumer markets, has scrutinised personal finance within European contexts. Together, they scrutinised the Hungarian mortgage crisis to discern how risk-averse individuals gravitate towards high-risk products or services.

To gain insight into the consumer psyche, the researchers conducted 47 interviews with Hungarian borrowers who opted for low-risk mortgages in the local or higher-risk foreign currency as the Hungarian mortgage landscape evolved from 2001 to 2010. Additionally, they conducted a broader survey of mortgage borrowers, interviewed 37 finance and mortgage industry experts and financial regulators, and analysed regulatory documents and parliamentary proceedings.

Their investigation unearthed patterns contributing to the escalation of mortgage risk over time, alongside societal and market shifts fostering collective ignorance among consumers regarding escalating risks. Furthermore, they pinpointed attributes conducive to these patterns. Markets sharing these characteristics are likely to undergo analogous developments.

“Typically, upon the introduction of a new product, people exhibit a degree of scepticism. Early adopters scrutinise the product meticulously, educating themselves extensively to ascertain the level of risk,” explained Pellandini-Simanyi. “If they perceive the risk to be excessive, they refrain from purchasing.”

However, suppose the initial adopters successfully use the new product or service. In that case, subsequent consumers are inclined to assume similar outcomes without conducting thorough evaluations, even amidst a reduction in product quality, noted the researchers.

“Subsequently, a downward spiral ensues, with quality diminishing in the rush to meet consumer demand and maintain profits, while consumers increasingly rely on social cues indicating the product’s safety without scrutinising changes in risks,” observed Barnhart.

“This trend can also engender a ‘prudence paradox,’ wherein the most risk-averse individuals delay market entry until the final stages, culminating in the purchase of highly risky products. Their cautious approach results in delayed entry, but by then, they are left with inferior products.”

Typically, this cycle is only disrupted through intervention via market collapse or regulatory measures. For instance, although cosmetic surgery is generally safe, the proliferation of inexpensive procedures at facilities lacking adequate equipment and expertise led to a surge in botched procedures until regulations were enforced.

“These findings underscore the influence of social cues,” remarked Barnhart. “In such an environment, it becomes exceedingly challenging for individual consumers to evaluate and assess risks, as such actions deviate significantly from the norm.”

Pellandini-Simanyi suggested that consumers should meticulously compare their personal risk against that of others with genuinely comparable experiences to shield themselves against collective ignorance.

“Ensure that this entails an apples-to-apples comparison of products and consumers’ circumstances,” she advised.

More information: Léna Pellandini-Simányi et al, The Market Dynamics of Collective Ignorance and Spiraling Risk, Journal of Consumer Research. DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucae018

Journal information: Journal of Consumer Research Provided by Oregon State University